Priyono, Joko and Tanaya, I. Gusti L.P and MAHARANI, MAHARANI and Muliyatiningsih, Muliyatiningsih and Sarah, Ika Yuliana (2016) DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL FOR COCOA IN LOMBOK ISLAND BY UTILIZING LOCALY AVAILABLE MATERIALS. Project Report. P3LKT Unram, P3LKT Unram, WCF-Washington. (Unpublished)
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Abstract
Pest and disease attacks (PDAs) was a common problem of cocoa farming in Lombok Island of cocoa farming in Lombok Island causing its low productivity and profitability. To deal with the case, a new technology termed as healthy farming was proposed in this research. The new technology emphasizes on utilization of local materials, mainly a liquid-silicate rock fertilizer (SiPlus) to improve the healthiness and resistance of plant to PDAs. The specific objectives of this research were to evaluate the true effectiveness of the new technology to overcome PDAs and increase productivity and profitability of cocoa farming, and to disseminate the new technology to local cocoa farmers and relating stakeholders. In general, the research was run well and greatly achieved its targets. The main results of the research are summarized as follows: 1. Outputs and Outcomes: a. Information about cocoa farming business in Lombok Island was updated (2015). The total cocoa farming area was 6,661 hectares, distributed mainly in North Lombok and East Lombok regencies. The number of cocoa farmers in the areas was 7,936 households, each had 0.98 hectares of cocoa farming land in average. The common PDAs were cocoa pod borer (CPB) helopeltis, attacking 70 – 75 % of cocoa pods; and black pod caused by fungus attacking 10 - 15 % of cocoa pods in the areas. Those PDAs has contributed to the low productivity of cocoa farming in the area (< 500 kg dry beans/ha/year); and cocoa farming contributed < 5 % of farmers’ income. b. Controlling PDAs by implementing healthy farming concept, which was technically by applying SiPlus, with or without botanical pesticide (neem) or pest predator (black ant), was proven as an effective and efficient method. The method did not only reduce PDAs, but also remarkably increased quantity as well as quality of cocoa production. Importantly, this technology was highly applicable for smallholder cocoa farmers, environmentally sound, and sustainable. c. Sending farmers to the cocoa research centers (e.g., ICCRI-Jember, East Java) for training was much more effective than the conventional training methods (e.g., workshop and field school), significantly improving farmers’ knowledge and skill in cocoa farming, and directly stimulated their spirit to be productive cocoa farmers. d. The gender main stream, mainly relating to the involvement of male and female in cocoa farming activities, had no change or was not affected by the implementation of this research that has not significant impacts yet on the increase of farmers’ income. At present, much more male (husband) than female (wife) worked for pruning, fertilizer application, and sanitation. Inversely, more female than male worked for harvesting, pod breaking, and pricing/ selling cocoa beans. 2. Key impacts: a. The implementation of this research has directly increased the attention and participation of many parties, including farmers, researchers, and local governments, in developing cocoa farming in Lombok Island. b. The great result of field trial has improved the trust and confidence of cocoa farmers to apply the healthy farming technology in their farm. Further, it will positively impact to the improvement of cocoa farming productivity and profitability in Lombok Island. c. The training for farmer leaders in ICCRI Jember has directly motivated cocoa farmers to apply the standard of GAP, especially are pruning and sanitation. Moreover, they have practiced side and top grafting and seedling to substitute the non-productive plants. Positively, those activities are followed by many other farmers. d. The possible impacts of this project to the change of gender main stream is predicted to occur when the cocoa farming has contributed significantly to the improvement of farmers’ income. It was concluded that the healthy-cocoa farming concept with its simple technique, emphasizing on utilizing local farming materials, especially a foliar fertilizer of SiPlus, is an appropriate technology to improve productivity and profitability of cocoa farming. This technology, therefore, is ready to be applied or/and further tested in larger scales (nationally or internationally). Disseminating the method to other farmers in other areas is required.
| Item Type: | Monograph (Project Report) |
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| Keywords (Kata Kunci): | cocoa, pest and disease control, silicate plus, local resources |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Ir. Joko Priyono M.Sc., Ph.D |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Jun 2022 16:24 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Jun 2022 16:24 |
| URI: | http://eprints.unram.ac.id/id/eprint/29254 |
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