Rohadi, Muhammad Rosyid and Kevin, Paul Ferraris and Hideaki, Matsumura and Theodor, esagas and Dewa, Putu Wisnu Wardhana (2020) The state of neurosurgical training and education in East Asia: analysis and strategy development for this frontier of the world. Neurosurg Focus, 48.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors, who are from Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Taiwan, sought to illustrate the processes of training neurosurgeons in their respective settings by presenting data and analyses of the current state of neurosurgical education across the East Asian region. METHODS The authors obtained quantitative data as key indicators of the neurosurgical workforce from each country. Qualitative data analysis was also done to provide a description of the current state of neurosurgical training and educa- tion in the region. A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was also done to identify strate- gies for improvement. RESULTS The number of neurosurgeons in each country is as follows: 370 in Indonesia, 10,014 in Japan, 152 in Ma- laysia, 134 in the Philippines, and 639 in Taiwan. With a large neurosurgical workforce, the high-income countries Japan and Taiwan have relatively high neurosurgeon to population ratios of 1 per 13,000 and 1 per 37,000, respectively. In con- trast, the low- to middle-income countries Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines have low neurosurgeon to population ratios of 1 per 731,000, 1 per 210,000, and 1 per 807,000, respectively. In terms of the number of training centers, Japan has 857, Taiwan 30, Indonesia 7, Malaysia 5, and the Philippines 10. In terms of the number of neurosurgical residents, Japan has 1000, Taiwan 170, Indonesia 199, Malaysia 53, and the Philippines 51. The average number of yearly addi- tions to the neurosurgical workforce is as follows: Japan 180, Taiwan 27, Indonesia 10, Malaysia 4, and the Philippines 3. The different countries included in this report have many similarities and differences in their models and systems of neurosurgical education. Certain important strategies have been formulated in order for the system to be responsive to the needs of the catchment population: 1) establishment of a robust network of international collaboration for reciprocal certification, skills sharing, and subspecialty training; 2) incorporation of in-service residency and fellowship training within the framework of improving access to neurosurgical care; and 3) strengthening health systems, increasing fund- ing, and developing related policies for infrastructure development. CONCLUSIONS The varied situations of neurosurgical education in the East Asian region require strategies that take into account the different contexts in which programs are structured. Improving the education of current and future neuosurgeons becomes an important consideration in addressing the health inequalities in terms of access and quality of care afflicting the growing population in this region of the world.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords (Kata Kunci): | Asia; neurosurgical education; neurosurgery certification; global neurosurgery; high-income countries; low- and middle-income countries |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Kedokteran |
| Depositing User: | Dr. dr. Rohadi SPBS |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2021 23:31 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Aug 2021 23:31 |
| URI: | http://eprints.unram.ac.id/id/eprint/23342 |
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